Is Your Dog at a Healthy Weight?

Maintaining your dog’s ideal body weight is one of the most important things you can do to ensure a long, healthy, pain-free life. But how do you know if your dog is at the right weight?

The number on the scale is only part of the picture — what really matters is body composition. That’s where the Body Condition Score (BCS) comes in.

What is BCS?

BCS is a 9-point scale that veterinarians use to evaluate a dog’s body fat and shape. It goes beyond kilograms and focuses on what you can see and feel.

• 1–3: Underweight

• 4–5: Ideal

• 6–9: Overweight to Obese

The WSAVA BCS chart shown above is used by veterinarians around the world. You can use it too — with a simple "Look & Feel" check at home.

BCS Explained

🔴 1–3: Too Thin

• Ribs, spine, and pelvic bones are highly visible

• No discernible body fat

• Waist is extreme, abdomen is severely tucked

• Muscle mass may be reduced

Risk: Weakened immunity, malnutrition, temperature sensitivity, poor energy

✅ 4–5: Ideal

• Ribs easily felt without excess fat covering

• Waist is clearly visible when viewed from above

• Abdominal tuck is present from the side

• Overall body shape is proportionate and athletic

This is the goal: Dogs at this score live longer, are more active, and less prone to disease.

🔴 6–9: Overweight to Obese

• 6–7 (Overweight):

  • Ribs are difficult to feel

  • Waist is less visible or absent

  • Belly may hang slightly

  • Fat pads appear over hips or shoulders

• 8–9 (Obese):

  • No waist or tuck visible

  • Heavy fat deposits over chest, spine, and base of tail

  • Dog may be sluggish, pant frequently, or struggle with stairs

⚠️ Health Risks of Obesity: osteoarthritis and joint pain, diabetes mellitus, heart and respiratory problems, shortened lifespan, difficulty under anesthesia

Adjusting Diet Based on BCS

UNDERWEIGHT DOG (BCS 1–3):

• Feed high-calorie, nutrient-rich diets

• Increase meal frequency (3–4 small meals)

• Check for parasites, metabolic disease, or dental issues

OVERWEIGHT/OBESE DOG (BCS 6–9):

• Switch to a calorie-controlled, vet-approved weight management diet

• Eliminate table scraps and limit treats

• Start with light daily walks or interactive toys

• Monitor weight every 2 weeks

🚨 Weight loss must be gradual — no crash diets!

Check BCS at Home: The “Look & Feel” Test

1. Feel the ribs: Can you feel them easily without pressing too hard?

2. Look from above: Does your dog have a visible waist?

3. Look from the side: Is there an abdominal tuck or a hanging belly?

Compare your observations with the WSAVA BCS chart above. If you’re not sure, we’re happy to show you how.

Mayo Vet Care is Here to Help

Our team checks your dog’s BCS at every wellness visit — it’s a core part of preventive care. Whether your pup needs to gain, maintain, or lose weight, we’ll tailor a safe, sustainable plan that fits their age, breed, and lifestyle.